The lessons covered are

• Lesson 1:  Cardiac Review and CHF Pathophysiology 

• Lesson 2:  Signs and Symptoms of CHF 

• Lesson 3:  Patient Assessment for CHF 

• Lesson 4:  BLS Interventions and Special Considerations  

• Lesson 5:  Complications and Problem-Solving 

Excerpt from EMS Care Chapter 24-MCIT-F3-2147 | Congestive Heart Failure 

When treating CHF patients, our BLS interventions focus on five primary goals. First, we aim to reduce the work of breathing through proper positioning and oxygen therapy. Second, we improve oxygenation by increasing the oxygen concentration in inspired air. Third, we decrease venous return to the heart, which reduces cardiac workload. This is done primarily through positioning with the legs. Fourth, we address anxiety, which can significantly worsen respiratory distress through increased oxygen demand. Finally, we facilitate prompt transport to definitive care, recognizing that while our interventions are helpful, these patients need advanced treatment at the hospital. While our interventions may seem simple, they can dramatically improve patient comfort and condition when applied properly.